In Depth Guide to Home Composting (Part 1 of 3)
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What Materials Can You Compost?
Pretty much all your organic household and garden waste is an elligible candidate for composting although there are a few exceptions. Things to particularly avoid are meat, fish, bones, fats and oils, dairy products like milk and cheese, dog and cat droppings as these can attract animals, create foul smells as they degrade and carry nasty diseases. Also, whilst weeds and plants can be added, it is advised to dry out persisent weeds and remove seed heads before adding these. Ashes are also best avoided, as are glossy magazines although shredded paper and cardboard are fine to add. Feel free to add waste fruit and vegetables, crushed egg shells, coffee grounds (worms love them!) and tea bags, hair, leaves, grass clippings and other organic waste. As a general rule, if in doubt, leave it out but most organic waste will rot down just fine and if you shred it or cut it up smaller, it will compost faster.
How Long Before It Becomes Compost?
This depends on the balance of materials in your compost heap, the weather and the amount of time you can devote to the project. If you want to take an active managed approach to your composting then you can have afully composted pile in 3 months but if your only desire is to dispose of kitchen and garden waste in a more ‘green’ manner then it can take 6 months to a year or longer.
Managed composting can produce a ‘hot rot’ with very fast results but it does require additional effort on your behalf to keep it going. A managed, hot compost heap with an excellent balance of materials can reach temperatures of 70 degree celsius but requires regular turning and nurturing with careful layering and balance of browns and greens in the mix, shredding materials and maintaining a good moisture level.
An unmanaged cool heap is however much easier to maintain and rots down at up to 30 degrees celsius with little input from you. Just throwing your waste on the heap will give you a cooler heap which will rot down more slowly but is fine for green waste disposal purposes.
There are ways to increase the rate of the composting process in both cases by, for example, adding composting worms, or by using an activator which help speed up the process. The addition of a handful or soil now and then or horse manure will also add micro-organisms to speed up the composting process free of charge.
For The Best Compost…
…use a wide variety of different materials. The more varied the materials you add to the compost pile, the nutrient rich your final compost will be. Compost made from kitchen and garden waste is the best food for your plants and at the same time you are helping the environment and saving yourself and your local government money into the bargain.
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Office Composting
Composting kitchen scraps in the office environment gives many advantages in the office garden.
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Black Soldier Fly Larvae munching on kitchen scraps
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Black soldier fly larvae munching on some kitchen scraps in the diy compost can
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Bangalore-Treating kitchen waste water for reuse
Waste water emerging from the kitchen sink has high organic material from the food dishes as well as oil and grease from typical Indian cooking. This water can be treated with a simple oil and grease trap and a planted filter for reuse as garden water. Approximately 30 litres of water per person per day is use up in doing the dishes in a typical Indian home.
The first thing to do is to trap the oil and grease which can be taken out occasionally and put into a compost heap. The food material is also allowed to settle down and separated from the rest of the water. This remaining water is oxygenated using a small aquarium bubbler. This cost Rs 250/- and is obviously a Chinese make. It also consumes less than a half unit of energy every day. About 100 litres to 120 litres of water can be treated and used to water the pots and the garden. If any water is in excess it can be used to recharge the ground through a small recharge well.
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How big of a compost bin do I need?
I'm looking at purchasing a compost tumbler, and they range in size from 5.8 cubic feet (37 gallons) to 23 cubic feet (180 gallons). My yard is 0.2 acres with two trees, so I will have grass clippings and leaves from that, as well as my kitchen scraps.
The house/yard is new (I just purchased it) so I have no idea how much yard waste volume I'll create. I have never composted before, so I'd appreciate any help!
These site has a lot of information for beginners, to help you get started.
http://pubs.caes.uga.edu/caespubs/pubcd/c816-w.html
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Can I compost newspaper in my garden?
Please only tell me if you know for sure! Paper can be composted–it's high in carbon & is good for balancing out the nitrogen in kitchen waste–but I'm worried about whether the ink in newspaper is toxic. At this point I use only food packaging, which is legally required to contain non-toxic ink only.
Toxins in the garden are a hazard. I know a story of someone who was made sick for years by the railroad ties she used to contain her raised beds… they contained arsenic. Not good!
They don't use toxic ink in newspapers anymore. Do not use the coloured ad pages however; just the black and white ones.
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Will garden mint grow in a growbag compost?
I want to transplant some mint out into the garden from a pot, as it can be invasive was thinking of putting it in a large ceramic kitchen sink and filling it will grownbag compost. Will it thrive in this?
Even planted in a sink sunk into the ground it may 'escape' and invade your garen. Keep a close watch for runners nipping over the top. You will probably need to keep it watered even if we have a wet summer.
I wouldn't even bother with growbag compost mint will grow in any old soil/soil-compost mixture in shade or sun. It will die back in winter though in all but the most very mildest areas of the UK.
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Can worms be added to my compost to speed up the decaying proc?
I am new to composting and am hoping to speed up the process by using worms. I have a 62 gal tumbler that mainly contains horse manure and maybe 1 lb of kitchen scraps…how many worms (how many pounds) do I need for effective composting? Also, can I keep adding kitchen scraps to the bin or do I need to wait until the compost is complete and start over?
new horse manure will kill your worms ,you need to break it down a bit before adding worms. add some garden soil to your compost and it contains larval worms they will grow when conditions are right.
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Collecting food waste in kitchen for composting – what do you do?
We want to collect food scraps in the kitchen for composting in the yard. What is the best solution for collecting the food waste so that you can periodically take it out? We don't want something stinky or icky that might attract bugs. Are there any good products? Thanks!
We got a small trash container that has a flip top and a bucket inside. It holds about one gallon. The container is black which is almost invisible in our kitchen. It ts the best solution we have come up with. Food scraps, coffee grounds, flower stems and cuttings go in and we empty every two or three days. No problems with odors or ants.
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